Smartphones have become a part of our everyday consumption - we use them to read the news, search for any kind of information, set an alarm clock, take pictures, or even run a business.

So, why should we consume SMARTPHONES considerately?

According to recent studies, we produce an estimated 50 million metric tons of e-waste annually, where 10% of that is related to smartphones. That number is increasing at a rapid pace.
There are many more aspects to this, but we don’t want this to be a spoiler!

Instead, let us start to investigate what we can do as considerate consumers to reduce the amount of e-waste we produce from discarded, damaged or even our fully functioning smartphones? In this manual entry, we cover everything you need to know about handling smartphones considerately.

table of contents

USING YOUR SMARTPHONE CONSIDERATELY

When we think about what we can do to reduce our impact on the environment, one area that seems to be overlooked in the ever-growing digital age is how we use our smartphones. Using smartphones considerately is essential - once you take these actions, you can prolong your phone’s lifespan, minimise waste, maximise resource efficiency, and ultimately save money.

The usage stage of a device's lifecycle (the time we have it in our possession and use it) accounts for a small fraction of emissions. It is well-researched that the manufacturing, transportation and end-of-life stage is where the problem lies. However, making thoughtful consumption choices throughout the device’s lifecycle can drastically change how we handle Smartphone E-waste→ and foster longevity. Here are just a few things that you can implement right now.

Checklist: How to Use Your Smartphone Considerately

• Save the battery. Turning down the brightness of your device, closing unused apps and less doom scrolling on social media are all ways to keep your battery going for as long as possible. When charging, remember to unplug the smartphone once it’s back to full charge.

• Keep it protected. Screen protectors and cases are a must if you want to keep your device healthy and maintained, well away from scratches and smashes. Read more to find out about sustainable Screen Protectors & Cases →.

• Make sure your software is up to date. Smartphone software updates can be irritating with regular reminders and large file sizes, but it’s generally best to keep everything up to date, as bugs and gaps in software security could be detrimental in the long run.

Starting with these simple steps, we are already on our way to becoming more considerate in our actions when it comes to smartphones. Of course, following these steps will help prolong the life of our device, but managing how much time you spend on your phone has health benefits of its own too which will do a world of good for you and your device.

REPAIRING YOUR SMARTPHONE

It’s not entirely advisable to throw out your current phone and purchase a sustainable device. That wouldn’t be sustainable at all; just imagine all the resources that went into the production of your smartphone. While these production processes might not have been entirely sustainable, it is important to keep in mind the three aspects of consuming considerately, the 3R’s: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle→! Before committing to a new device, you might want to try extending the life of your device by the way of repairs.

Referring to the previously mentioned study, some of the top reasons why people prefer to buy a new phone rather than repair their current one is due to the cost of repair, and that their device was “old anyway” (YouGov, 2020). The most significant of the two reasons would likely be the first, and there needs to be a change in the way we view e-waste, repairing and how manufacturers can provide extensive ways in supporting sustainability. As of 2022, the EU Commission has already proposed the “Right to Repair” legislation which will drastically increase the recycling of goods and extend eco-design laws. (European Parliament, 2022)

Below, we’re going to look at a few online resources which can get you on the right track to repairing your devices like a pro.

iFixIt

iFixit is an all-rounded terrific resource when it comes to repairing all kinds of electronic devices, including tablets, game consoles and cameras (as shown in the screenshot). It includes detailed, step-by-step guides on how to repair just about anything from screens, to computer chips, hard drives and motherboards, all of which can be really daunting for the majority of us as consumers. With more than 70,000 repair manuals on their website regarding cars, consoles, cameras and more, this is likely going to be your best friend when repairing your devices.

YouTube

Of course, we cannot forget about the popular video content website YouTube. While we might go to the site for our spot of entertainment, there are many dedicated channels that specialise in DIY repairing. The best thing is that rather than getting lost in streams of written instructions, you could actually repair and tinker along while the video plays.

Some good channels which will aid you in your DIY repairing include Phone Repair Guru, MovilOne Phone Repair and Go Cell Phone Repair, amongst many others. A quick websearch will bring up plenty of reliable channels to choose from.

DO YOU NEED A NEW SMARTPHONE

We consume on a daily basis - food, transport, entertainment, technology, and much more. If we want to become more sustainable in our daily consumer actions, we need to understand why we purchase new items and whether this decision could be avoided. Here, we present considerations that can help you do just that.

Considerations Before Purchasing A New Smartphone

One of the first questions we need to ask ourselves when finding a way to reduce our E-Waste→ is, do you really need that shiny new upgrade?

With the new model of most popular smartphones often being released on a bi-annual (sometimes sooner) basis, the difference in technology is almost negligible to the average user. As consumers, we need to think about if we really need the newest and latest devices and take a moment to think before making any spontaneous decisions.

For example, most modern smartphones now can record video in 4K and even 5K resolution. Most users are not aware of features like this, as it tends to be hidden in the depths of your phone settings. Nevertheless, if you aren’t going to be using your phone as a replacement or accessory to a professional digital camera on a regular basis, then chances are it’s not a necessity.

Tech companies tend to tempt the average consumer into believing they need functions like this. Still, in reality, it will only cause you to spend more money for an almost trivial difference in customer satisfaction, so it’s important to recognise what you need from your phone.

Identifying what you want out of your phone

New models of smartphones are released so frequently that the only major difference is a new processing chip and yet another camera lens, both of which we won’t recognise the function of on a day-to-day basis. For these reasons, we should take a step back and objectively think about what we use on our phones in order to make a considerate and informed consumption decisions.

• Analyse what you use your phone for daily. We all use messaging platforms, which are now standard in almost all modern smartphones, and the vast majority of us take photos to capture our memories & moments in life. Beyond that, what else do you really need your phone for?

• Is it necessary for your profession? As mentioned before, most of us won’t need to shoot in 4K resolution. Consider that the files take up a massive amount of storage space (we all struggle there!), but the difference in quality is minute when compared to standard HD on small device screens and social media platforms. Most platforms can’t even display or post in 4K!

• Just because you can afford it doesn’t mean you need it. Many of us are guilty of seeing that extra bit of money still in the bank at the end of the month, and then thinking “let’s splash it!”. Try to think objectively and considerately about your purchase. Is it worth spending another few hundred for the sake of a minor upgrade? 

These are just a few pointers as to why we should be more considerate about our purchases, which can be applied to more than just our smartphones (learn more about Laptops→). We can take plenty of others into account, but the bottom line is: think objectively and considerately.

Sometimes our wants and desires come before all thoughts of objectivity which is natural. If you really can’t shake the urge to get the bigger screen size or triple camera option, then you’ll want to look into the best way to make your money well spent.

GET A PRE-OWNED SMARTPHONES

Considder to purchase a preloved smartphone. It might require some inbestigation, but it is worth the time spent.
Below we provide some tips on how to source your next preloved device.

Saving Resources With Pre-Owned Smartphones 

When it comes to pre-owned smartphones, the best way we’re going to get bang for our buck is most likely going to be from refurbished and locally-sold devices. For the most part, you can negotiate prices as companies and traders will want to compete with each other. Examples range from private sellers on popular social media sites such as Facebook or high-street resellers of electronics. 

Local Sourcing

One of the easiest ways to get yourself a pre-owned device is by asking around locally. This might mean reaching out to friends and family members to see if they have a device of their own which they would sell to you (or hand over if you’re lucky!). Even the ones that aren’t in the best of conditions, you’ll save yourself a ton of money by getting it repaired or brushed up with a specialist, or give it a go yourself! (more on self-repairs later).

Online Marketplaces 

If you’ve exhausted your option of asking within your circle for a cheap, pre-owned smartphone, then it’s time to check out marketplaces, auction sites and resellers.

You can find some great deals on just about anything using Facebook’s Marketplace feature. Chat to the right person and make them a reasonable offer (if you ask nicely!) and you could walk away with a great second-hand phone for a fraction of the retail price. Just be wary, as with any peer-to-peer online marketplace keep an eye out for scammers and things that just seem too good to be true (it probably is).

Another option in the online marketplace category is eBay. eBay has been around for a very long time and still holds relevance today in getting great deals. As an auctioning site, the best bid wins, meaning you could find some absolute gems and pay very little for them. The same goes for chargers and accessories!

Swappie

As a European tech company specialising in refurbished smartphones, it is certainly a site worth checking out when looking to replace your device. All  the smartphones they have available are fully tested and refurbished by experts and come with warranties, which gives you peace of mind when investing in a slightly used device. This is definitely an option to consider before looking into brand new devices. 

BackMarket

Another leading company in refurbished devices is BackMarket, which prides itself on rigorous research into its suppliers and refurbishers to get the best quality devices. They have an easy-to-use system that gives you a full perspective on the quality of the device and some interesting stats on the e-waste that’s been saved. They also offer laptops, tablets and smartwatches.

Network providers

If you’d rather go for a hassle-free shopping experience where you’re much less relying on the trusting word of others, you’ll find that most major network providers offer refurbished devices for cheaper than their new counterparts. As a rule of thumb, whenever you buy another device, it’s best to take a look at the refurbished options. Most of the time, they are classified as refurbished when there is very little difference in quality. Providers will more often than not describe the condition as “Mint condition”, “Fair”, etc. Weigh up the fine details about what makes the device refurbished, and you’ll often find that it’s an absolute steal!

Repair & Second-hand shops

Similar to online marketplaces, you could go down the more traditional route and take a look in specialised phone stores and repair shops. Chances are, they won’t be as expensive as most high-street retailers and you’re still contributing to the circular economy model by purchasing a second-hand device. Here, you may be able to negotiate prices as well, reducing the price further. As with Online Marketplaces → mentioned above, be wary of the type of establishment you choose to purchase electronics from before you make your purchase decision. Check your local review sites to find what others have said about certain shops.

BUYING NEW SMARTPHONES

Sometimes, our phones really can’t be repaired for many different reasons -  maybe intense water damage completely damaged the software or short-circuiting. In other cases,  we might not have access to locally-sourced, pre-owned smartphones or just struggle with finding a great refurbished device. In those cases, buying new is simply the preferred option. Thankfully, there are sustainable ways to look for brand new smartphones that do not compromise on the quality aspect. 

Sustainable smartphones

Sustainable smartphones are still more of a market niche, but surely a promising and growing one. Here, we have compiled a list of sustainably-produced smartphone brands that present an alternative to conventional smartphones, thanks to their sleek design and functionalities. 

FAIRPHONE

We have already mentioned how electronics purchases negatively impact our wallets and the environment, and that companies need to do more to combat the huge quantities of e-waste. Fairphone does just that, with the potential to become a strong competitor in the market. Not only do the phones have a modern design, but they are truly sustainable and still cheaper than the latest devices from leading competitors.

Fairphone prides itself on being the first and only certified gold fair trader, a huge part of the electronics pipeline which has historically had terrible conditions for both the planet and workers.

Unlike its competitors, you can actually take apart every aspect of the devices and replace them with new parts, making it a go-to choice for those who want to help tackle e-waste and make a stand in changing industry norms.

Teracube

Much like Fairphone, Teracube is another brand that produces sustainably manufactured and operated smartphones. Equipped with the latest technology that you’d mostly find in other well-known brands, the company’s focus is on reducing e-waste by encouraging you to keep your phone going for as long as possible. 

SHIFT

SHIFT is a German manufactured device that follows the same principles as the previous two listed above, in being modular and easily repairable. It comes apart incredibly easily so you can make your own repairs and upgrades. It even comes with a handy screwdriver so you can get going with tinkering when you need to.

👉Technology is constantly advancing and new products are being launched by brands across various sectors - smartphones are not an exception. If you are looking into sustainable smartphone brands, make sure to search the web, keep yourself informed on the new additions to the market and do your research thoroughly.

Conventional Smartphone Brands vs. Sustainability

It would be difficult not to mention some of the most popular phone brands that are available at the moment that dominate the market such as Apple, Google and Samsung devices to name just a few. At the end of the day, most of us own one! While the manufacturing procedures may not be as sustainable or ethical in comparison to the brands mentioned previously, by referring to the steps outlined in this guide we may be able to lead a more sustainable lifestyle with these devices and ensure they continue to operate well for the foreseeable future.

Apple announced in November 2021 that it will begin to offer self-repair services for iPhone models 12 and upwards. This will do very well for the sustainability of devices, something which the company has always claimed complete ownership and control over to protect the technology inside devices. 

SMARTPHONE EQUIPMENT

Sustainability starts with taking care of what you have and a great way to keep your device in good condition is, of course, keeping it safe and protected at all times. More frequently than not, we scratch, chip and demolish our phone screens more than anything, as well as ruin the outer shell with markings which severely reduces its value. It goes without saying, there are some essential pieces of equipment you’ll need to keep your phone going for as long as possible.

Screen protectors

Every year, millions of people break their phone screens around the world, with more than 50 million in the US alone. As an added layer of protection to not only save you tears in the future but also money in the bank, it’s absolutely worth getting a screen protector. They vary in price, but generally, they all serve the same purpose. If you want to get that maximised protection, then look out for tempered glass as it is made to be much stronger than regular glass. Pela has a plastic-free liquid screen protector which can be applied a number of times, protecting your device for longer. 

Cases

Going hand-in-hand with screen protectors, you most certainly want a phone case that is going to protect your device from scratches and scrapes that not only deteriorates the overall look of the phone but could seriously damage the insides. Cases come in all different designs so you’re bound to find one that’s right for you. Even if you really like the look of the original phone, then there are many minimalistic options to choose from to keep that sleek look.

A sustainable option would be to opt for environmentally friendly materials such as cork, bamboo and wood. Many independent retailers hone their brand on this such as Pela and Oceanmata, who sell eco-friendly and biodegradable phone cases for a wide range of top devices.

DISPOSING OF SMARTPHONES

When we stop using our phones they tend to sit in the depths of our drawers around the house which is not beneficial for anyone. Whether that be because they don’t work or you just got a new device, there are a few things that can be done to dispose of your old devices sustainably.

Donate your old phone

There are a number of charities and services you might be able to donate your phone in whatever condition they are in depending on your location in the world, ranging from popular network providers to independent companies. A lot of the time, you’ll get some money in cash or credit toward a new device if you’re approaching a retailer. If it’s a charity, it’ll go toward raising funds for them by sending it off to recycling companies themselves. 

Fonebank is one such company that offers customers the choice to part or completely send all proceeds of a donation to a number of charities such as WaterAid and Oxfam. 

Fairphone.com (a brand we mentioned earlier) has a great list of services and charities to donate, sell or recycle your device across Europe, so you can easily find a reliable place to pass your phone on and make a difference in your area.

Samsung has an interesting upcycling programme to repurpose your smartphone into a number of handy smart-home featured devices, such as monitoring room thermostats and creating baby monitors with simple software updates. You can read more about the programme in a press release from April 2021 (Samsung, 2021) - you find the source in our Bibliography in the end of this manual entry ↓.

CHALLENGE: Impacts of Smartphone Manufacturing & E-waste 

As is the case with all technological manufacturing processes and uses, there is the ever-present challenge of the high impact it has on the environment. The build-up of waste, unethical mining of raw materials, unfair labour… the list goes on. On this scale, it boils down to the corporations’ and governments’ choices to put in place measures to scale back on inequalities and environmental damage around the world throughout the lifecycle of technology. Here, we will highlight some of the important stories and things to know about what goes on in the process of smartphone manufacturing and how it has adverse effects on the world.

Mining, transporting and producing devices make up an astounding 80% of a device’s Carbon Footprint → which puts great pressure on the environment around us (Martín, 2020). 

The mining of precious metals that make up a great deal of smartphones has a profound impact on the people involved in the process and the environment surrounding the area. The digging of such metals can release toxins and chemicals which have the potential to severely contaminate water supplies, harm animals and human populations. Without proper processes in place, this is a harsh reality for many areas of the world.

Assembly and transportation has yet another heavy hand on the environmental impact of device manufacture. When products and materials are transported and assembled in different areas of the world, from the USA to China or Europe and back again, it contributes a heavy amount of pollution due to long and complicated supply routes. 

In-depth information about the environmental impacts of technology manufacturing can be found in our Laptops→ manual entry. Take a look!

LOOKING AHEAD/ OUTLOOK

As we speed our way through the technological age, it has become clear that there is a huge problem we can no longer ignore when it comes to smartphone consumption, production and e-waste. We can do so much as consumers by reducing the need to spend out on new devices, repairing and maintaining our smartphones and opting for environmentally friendly alternatives for accessories, which help both save the planet and our wallets.

The research points out that a lot of the pollution comes from manufacturing and end-of-life periods in the device life cycle; before and after you have your device at hand. It is imperative that the big tech companies change the way we consume technology so we can all come together and tackle the environmental problems the world faces. One of the initiatives you can take as a consumer is to be the change agent yourself and demand these market-wide changes by supporting related petitions, getting into dialogue with companies on the problematic aspects, and making more informed technology purchase decisions.

Thankfully, there are a number of companies and organisations which we’ve seen that are tackling this problem head-on by producing ethical and sustainable devices and accessories which promote longevity in the device lifecycle, encouraging us to make better decisions with tech. Combined with a rise in technological advances such as considerate extraction methods, will pave forward easier and more sustainable practices in the industry.

And as we are all becoming much more aware of the looming environmental disasters that come from excessive waste and pollution, the well-known manufacturers are beginning to take responsibility for the way e-waste is handled by edging closer to sustainable and ethical manufacturing, transportation and recycling processes. Pressure from consumers can help massively in swaying the opinions and practices of companies: signing petitions, writing to companies and being a spokesperson for promoting sustainability all helps to shift mindsets in the right direction.

Checklist: 5 Steps to Consume Smartphones More Considerately

As a summary of what we can do as consumers and be more considerate in our approach to smartphones, we need to promote and uphold:

1. Is a new device necessary? Really take the time to think about your needs and if other options have been exhausted, then look into making a considerate purchase. Do your research on companies’ efforts to avoid being influenced by greenwashing marketing techniques.

2. If your device can be fixed, then do so! Take all the appropriate steps to maintain your device and promote longevity.

3. Need to be rid of an old device? Don’t throw it away! Upcycle, donate it or trade it in.

4. Opt for sustainable accessories. Wood, cork and other sustainable materials are easier on the environment and help keep your device healthy. 

5. Take action!  Use your voice to hold companies and institutions accountable to promote sustainability. 

LEARN MORE

Sustainable Laptop →
Make your office a fully Sustainable Workplace →
Calculate & reduce your Carbon Footprint →
Sustainability & Consumption →

Check our sources: Bibliography →